BRANDS OF PARACETAMOL IN KENYA
Abpara, Abacus Pharma (A) Ltd
Ace , Square pharmaceutical Ltd
Acedol, Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Arcet, Medisel Kenya Limited
Arfen, Medochemie Ltd.
Asmol, Astra Lifecare
Axapara, Axa Parenterals Ltd
Betamol, Sphinx Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Biomol , Biodeal Laboratories Ltd
Blink Infusion, Crown Healthcare
Calpol Suspension ,Glaxosmithkline Kenya Limited
Caremol, Careplus Ltd
Cetamol, Regal Pharmaceuticals Limited
Cipladon ,Cipla Ltd
Cosmol, Cosmos Limited
Curamol , Dawa Limited
Dolomol , Medox Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Elymol, Elys Chemical Industries Ltd
Febramol, Amanta Healthcare Limited
Feverex , Beta Healthcare International Limited
Feverex Toto , Beta Healthcare International Limited.
Fizzmol , Asence Pharma Private Limited
Fremol , Crown Healthcare
Kaldol , Leben Laboratories Pvt Ltd
Ifimol, Unique Pharmaceutical Laboratories
Infulgan , Yuria Pharma Ltd
Junior Sonadol, Orange Pharma Ltd
Jotonol, Benmed Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Micromol , National Pharmacy Ltd
Napa , Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Neladol, Universal Corporation Limited
PA Injection , Lincoln Pharmaceuticals ltd
PA-12 , Lincoln Pharmaceuticals ltd
Painil, Njimia (K) Ltd
Panadol Actifast Soluble, Glaxosmithkline Kenya Limited
Panadol Advance ,Glaxosmithkline Kenya Limited
Panadol Baby & Infant ,Glaxosmithkline Kenya Limited
Panadol Elixir, Glaxosmithkline Kenya Limited
Parace , Zest Pharma
Paracetamol, Elys Chemical Industries Ltd
Paracetamol , Galpha Laboratories Ltd.
Paracerol, Polifarma Ä°lac San. ve Tic. A.S
Paracetamol , Medopharm
Paracetamol B.Braun , B.Braun Melsungen Ag
Paracetamol, United Pharma (K) Limited
Paraconica, Acino pharma AG
Paratech, Themis Medicare Ltd
Paradol, Dinlaz Pharma EPZ Ltd
Para-Denk , Denk Pharma GmbH Co. KG
Parafast , Highchem Marketing Limited
Parafil , Fourrts (India) Laboratories Pvt. Limited
Paraflash, Nextgen Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Paralab , Laborate Pharmaceuticals India Limited
Paralief , Sai Pharmaceuticals Limited
Paratal, Laboratory & Allied Ltd
Paravin, MS Pharma Jordan
Parol , Dafra Pharma GmbH
Procet, Makupa Chemist Ltd
Regamol, Orange Pharma Ltd
Renova, Radiance Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Sonamol, Orange Pharma Ltd
Sanmol® 120 Child Effervescent Tablet ,PT Sanbe Farma
Sanmol® 500 Effervescent Tablet ,PT Sanbe Farma
Sanmol I.V Infusion ,PT Sanbe Farma
Sheladol , Shelys Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Skymol, Skylight Chemical Industries
Tamin, ELDA International DMCC
Temol , Sandoz GmbH, Kundl
Thermodol , Unosource Pharma Ltd
Trumol, Questa Care Inc.
Totomol, Laboratory & Allied Ltd
Woodwards Paracetamol Syrup , Beta Healthcare International Limited.
Xykaa , Troikaa Pharmaceuticals Limited
PARACETAMOL MODE OF ACTION:
Analgesic – the mechanism of analgesic action has not been fully determined. Paracetamol may act predominantly by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis in the central nervous system (CNS) and to a lesser extent, through a peripheral action by blocking pain-impulse generation.
The peripheral action may also be due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis or to inhibition of the synthesis or actions of other substances that sensitise pain receptors to mechanical or chemical stimulation.
Antipyretic – paracetamol probably produces antipyresis by acting centrally on the hypothalamic heat-regulation centre to produce peripheral vasodilation resulting in increased blood flow through the skin, sweating and heat loss. The central action probably involves inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in the hypothalamus.
INDICATIONS
For the treatment of mild to moderate pain including headache, migraine, neuralgia, toothache, sore throat, period pains, aches and pains, symptomatic relief of rheumatic aches and pains and of influenza, feverishness and feverish colds.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Hypersensitivity to paracetamol or any of the constituents.
DRUG INTERACTIONS
Cholestyramine: The speed of absorption of paracetamol is reduced by cholestyramine. Therefore, the cholestyramine should not be taken within one hour if maximal analgesia is required.
Metoclopramide and Domperidone: The absorption of paracetamol is increased by metoclopramide and domperidone. However, concurrent use need not be avoided.
Warfarin: The anticoagulant effect of warfarin and other coumarins may be enhanced by prolonged regular use of paracetamol with increased risk of bleeding; occasional doses have no significant effect.
Chloramphenicol: Increased plasma concentration of chloramphenicol.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Adverse effects of paracetamol are rare. Very rare cases of serious skin reactions have been reported. There have been reports of blood dyscrasias including thrombocytopenia purpura, methaemoglobenaemia and agranulocytosis, but these were not necessarily causality related to paracetamol.
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions:
The PPB Department of Pharmacovigilance was set up with a vision to develop, implement and continuously upgrade an appropriate system for detecting, reporting, and monitoring adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and other relevant problems with medicines in Kenya. The department strives to ensure the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products in Kenya.
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorization of the medicinal product are important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals/ Patients are encouraged to report any suspected adverse reactions via Pharmacovigilance Yellow Form, pv@pharmacyboardkenya.org or clicking below button:
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Paracetamol in Kenya
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Clinical | Pharmacokinetic data
Pregnancy Category: A
Routes of Administration: By mouth, through the cheek, rectal, intravenous (IV)
Bioavailability: 63–89%
Protein Binding: 10–25%
Metabolosim: Predominantly in the liver
Onset of Action: By mouth – 37 minutes, Buccal – 15 minutes, Intravenous – 8 minutes
Elimination Half life: 2–2.5 hours
Excretion: Urine (85–90%)
Legal Status | Dosage forms & Strengths
Prescription Category:
OTC / Rx-only
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Control ) Act Schedule:
This drug is not a controlled substance under Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Control ) Act
Dosage Forms | Strengths:
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Drug Images
References/ Citation:
- Graham, Garry G., and Kieran F. Scott. “Mechanism of action of paracetamol.” American journal of therapeutics 12.1 (2005): 46-55.
- Forrest, John AH, J. A. Clements, and L. F. Prescott. “Clinical pharmacokinetics of paracetamol.” Clinical pharmacokinetics 7.2 (1982): 93-107.
- Proudfoot, A. T., and N. Wright. “Acute paracetamol poisoning.” Br Med J 3.5722 (1970): 557-558.
- Pacifici, Gian Maria, and Karel Allegaert. “Clinical pharmacology of paracetamol in neonates: a review.” Current Therapeutic Research 77 (2015): 24-30.