Brands of Chloramphenicol in Kenya
Biophenicol ,Biodeal Laboratories Ltd
Careclorfen , CarePlus Limited
Chloramphenicol , Macleods Pharmaceuticals Limited
Chlorocide , Regal Pharmaceuticals Limited
Chlorvita , Vital Healthcare Ltd
Cphen, Dinlas Pharma EPZ Limited
Dawaphenicol , Dawa Limited
Elycetin, Elys Chemical Industries Ltd
Mediphenicol , Medivet Products Ltd
Oramnicol , Laboratory & Allied Ltd
Tyde-S, Neon Laboratories Limited
Mode of Action of Chloramphenicol:
Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic originally isolated from Streptomyces venezuelae. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with the transfer of activated amino acids from soluble RNA to ribosomes.
INDICATIONS
Acute infections caused by Salmonella typhi
It is not recommended for the routine treatment of the typhoid carrier state.
Serious infections caused by susceptible strains listed below:
a) Salmonella species
b) H. influenzae, specially meningeal infections
c) Rickettsia
d) Lymphogranuloma-psittacosis group
e) Various gram-negative bacteria causing bacteremia, meningitis or other serious gram-negative infections.
f) Other susceptible organisms which have been demonstrated to be resistant to all other appropriate antimicrobial agents.
Cystic fibrosis regimens
*In treatment of typhoid fever some authorities recommend that chloramphenicol be administered at therapeutic levels for 8 to 10 days after the patient has become afebrile to lessen the possibility of relapse.
CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Chloramphenicol is contraindicated in individuals with a history of previous hypersensitivity and/or toxic reaction to it. It must not be used in the treatment of trivial infections or where it is not indicated, as in colds, influenza, infections of the throat; or as a prophylactic agent to prevent bacterial infections.
DRUG INTERACTIONS:
Concurrent therapy with other drugs that may cause bone marrow depression should be avoided.
ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS:
Blood Dyscrasias
The most serious adverse effect of chloramphenicol is bone marrow depression. Serious and fatal blood dyscrasias (aplastic anemia, hypoplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and granulocytopenia) are known to occur after the administration of chloramphenicol.
Gastrointestinal Reactions
Nausea, vomiting, glossitis and stomatitis, diarrhea and enterocolitis may occur in low incidence.
Neurotoxic Reactions
Headache, mild depression, mental confusion, and delirium have been described in patients receiving chloramphenicol. Optic and peripheral neuritis have been reported, usually following long-term therapy. If this occurs, the drug should be promptly withdrawn.
Hypersensitivity Reactions
Fever, macular and vesicular rashes, angioedema, urticaria, and anaphylaxis may occur. Herxheimer’s reactions have occurred during therapy for typhoid fever.
“Gray Syndrome”
Toxic reactions including fatalities have occurred in the premature and neonate; the signs and symptoms associated with these reactions have been referred to as the “gray syndrome.”
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions:
The PPB Department of Pharmacovigilance was set up with a vision to develop, implement and continuously upgrade an appropriate system for detecting, reporting, and monitoring adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and other relevant problems with medicines in Kenya. The department strives to ensure the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products in Kenya.
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorization of the medicinal product are important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals/ Patients are encouraged to report any suspected adverse reactions via Pharmacovigilance Yellow Form, pv@pharmacyboardkenya.org or clicking below button:
Chloramphenicol in Kenya
Chloramphenicol in Kenya
prices of Chloramphenicol in Kenya
where to buy Chloramphenicol in Kenya
Clinical | Pharmacokinetic data
Pregnancy Category: C
Routes of Administration: by mouth, IV, IM
Bioavailability: 75–90%
Protein Binding: 60%
Metabolosim: Liver
Onset of Action: Not Available
Elimination Half life: 1.6–3.3 hours
Excretion: Kidney (5–15%), faeces (4%)
Legal Status | Dosage forms & Strengths
Prescription Category:
Prescription only Medicine (POM) , ℞-only
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Control ) Act Schedule:
This drug is not a controlled substance under Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Control ) Act
Dosage Forms | Strengths:
Tablets | Injectable | Capsules | eye drops
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Drug Images
References/ Citation:
- Woods, Adrienne L. (2008). Delmar nurse’s drug handbook (2009 ed.). Clifton Park, N.Y.: Delmar. p. 296
- Brock, Thomas D. “Chloramphenicol.” Bacteriological Reviews 25.1 (1961): 32.
- Norris, Anne H., et al. “Chloramphenicol for the treatment of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infections.” Clinical infectious diseases 20.5 (1995): 1137-1144.