Brand Names of Ceftazidime in Kenya
Auromitaz®, Aurobindo Pharma Limited
Bestum®, Wockhardt Limited
C-Zid®, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Cestazid®, Stallion
Fortum®, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceutical Kenya Limited
Injidime®, Inject Care Parenterals Pvt. Ltd.
Keftaz®, Galpha Laboratories Ltd
Orzid®, Orchid
Syner- Zed®, Theon Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Tazim® ,Sandoz GmbH Kundl
Tazid®, Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Vaxcel®, Kotra
Zidimbiotic® , Beta Healthcare International Limited
CEFTAZIDIME MODE OF ACTION
Ceftazidime is a bactericidal agent that acts by inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Ceftazidime has activity in the presence of some beta-lactamases, both penicillinases and cephalosporinases, of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
Mechanism of Resistance
Resistance to ceftazidime is primarily through hydrolysis by beta-lactamase, alteration of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), and decreased permeability.
INDICATIONS
Ceftazidime is indicated for the treatment of the infections listed below in adults and children including neonates (from birth).
– Nosocomial pneumonia
– Broncho-pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis
– Bacterial meningitis
– Chronic suppurative otitis media
– Malignant otitis externa
– Complicated urinary tract infections
– Complicated skin and soft tissue infections
– Complicated intra-abdominal infections
– Bone and joint infections
– Peritonitis associated with dialysis in patients on CAPD.
Treatment of patients with bacteraemia that occurs in association with, or is suspected to be associated with, any of the infections listed above.
Ceftazidime may be used in the management of neutropenic patients with fever that is suspected to be due to a bacterial infection.
Ceftazidime may be used in the peri-operative prophylaxis of urinary tract infections for patients undergoing trans-urethral resection of the prostate (TURP).
The selection of ceftazidime should take into account its antibacterial spectrum, which is mainly restricted to aerobic Gram negative bacteria.
Ceftazidime should be co-administered with other antibacterial agents whenever the possible range of causative bacteria would not fall within its spectrum of activity.
Consideration should be given to official guidelines on the appropriate use of antibacterial agents.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Ceftazidime is contraindicated in patients who have shown hypersensitivity to ceftazidime or the cephalosporin group of antibacterial drugs.
History of severe hypersensitivity (e.g. anaphylactic reaction) to any other type of beta-lactam antibacterial agent (penicillins, monobactams and carbapenems).
DRUG INTERACTIONS
Interaction studies have only been conducted with probenecid and furosemide.
Concurrent use of high doses with nephrotoxic medicinal products may adversely affect renal function
Chloramphenicol is antagonistic in vitro with ceftazidime and other cephalosporins. The clinical relevance of this finding is unknown, but if concurrent administration of ceftazidime with chloramphenicol is proposed, the possibility of antagonism should be considered.
ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS
General
Anaphylaxis; allergic reactions, which, in rare instances, were severe (e.g., cardiopulmonary arrest); urticaria; pain at injection site.
Hepatobiliary Tract
Hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice.
Renal and Genitourinary
Renal impairment.
Cephalosporin-Class Adverse Reactions
In addition to the adverse reactions listed above that have been observed in patients treated with ceftazidime, the following adverse reactions and altered laboratory tests have been reported for cephalosporin-class antibacterial drugs:
Adverse Reactions
Colitis, toxic nephropathy, hepatic dysfunction including cholestasis, aplastic anemia, hemorrhage.
Altered Laboratory Tests
Prolonged prothrombin time, false-positive test for urinary glucose, pancytopenia.
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions:
The PPB Department of Pharmacovigilance was set up with a vision to develop, implement and continuously upgrade an appropriate system for detecting, reporting, and monitoring adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and other relevant problems with medicines in Kenya. The department strives to ensure the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products in Kenya.
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorization of the medicinal product are important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals/ Patients are encouraged to report any suspected adverse reactions via Pharmacovigilance Yellow Form, pv@pharmacyboardkenya.org or clicking below button:
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Clinical | Pharmacokinetic data
Pregnancy Category: B (No risk in non-human studies)
Routes of Administration: Intravenous, intramuscular, inhalation
Bioavailability: 91% (IM)
Protein Binding: Not Available
Metabolosim: Negligible
Onset of Action: Not Available
Elimination Half life: 1.6–2 hours
Excretion: 1.6–2 hours
Legal Status | Dosage forms & Strengths
Prescription Category:
Prescription only Medicine (POM) , â„ž-only
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Control ) Act Schedule:
This drug is not a controlled substance under Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Control ) Act
Dosage Forms | Strengths:
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Drug Images
References/ Citation:
- Richards, Deborah M., and R. N. Brogden. “Ceftazidime.” Drugs 29.2 (1985): 105-161.
- Burwen, Dale R., et al. “Ceftazidime resistance among selected nosocomial gram-negative bacilli in the United States.” Journal of infectious Diseases 170.6 (1994): 1622-1625.