Brands of Cefixime in Kenya
Acixim, Advanced Chemical Industries Limited
Bactifix, Crown Healthcare
Cebay ,Leben Laboratories PVT Ltd
Cefcy , Coral Laboratories Ltd
Cefim , Hilton Pharma Pvt. Ltd
Cefiwel, Unosource Pharma Limited
Cefiz, Zawadi Healthcare Ltd
Ceflorex ,sance Laboratories
Cef-OD, CCL Pharma (pvt) Ltd
Cefo-L , Medley Pharmaceuticals Limited
Cefrax ,National pharmaceutical Industries Co. SAOC
Cefraz, Zim Laboratories Limited
Cefty , Syner-Med Pharmaceuticals (K) Ltd
C-Mark, Marksans Pharma Limited
C-OD,PSM Pharmaceuticals Limited
C-Tax P , Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Evofix, Pharmevo (Pvt) Ltd
Extacef ,Blue Cross Laboratories Ltd
Fimabute , Brawn Laboratories Limited
Fix, Shambhuprasad and Sons
Fixime, Merck (Pty) Ltd
Gramocef O, Micro Labs Ltd
Inoxime, Innocia Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd.
Nefexim, Innova Cap Tab Pvt Ltd.
Ocemax ,Lords Healthcare Limited
Orcef ,Renata Limited
Orfix , Orchid Healthcare (a division of Orchid Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Ltd.)
Pancef , Aglowmed Limited
Procefix, PSM Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Raincef , Rainbow Life Sciences Private Limited
Rivaxime, Riva Pharma S.A.E
Striaxime, Gufic Stridden Lifesciences Pvt Limited
Taxim O , Alkem Laboratories
Theofix, Theon Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Triaxon, Galaxy Pharmaceutical Limited
Viprax, Virchow Healthcare Pvt Ltd
Xifix, Brussels Laboratories Pvt Ltd
Xime , Gracure Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Zemicef , Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Ziprax,Cipla Ltd
Cefixime is an oral third generation cephalosporin which has marked in vitro bactericidal activity against a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms.
MODE OF ACTION
It binds to one of the penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits the final transpeptidation step of the peptidoglycan synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thus inhibiting biosynthesis and arresting cell wall assembly resulting in bacterial cell death
INDICATIONS
Cefixime is an orally active cephalosporin antibiotic which has marked in vitro bactericidal activity against a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms.
It is indicated for the treatment of the following acute infections when caused by susceptible micro-organisms:
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTI): e.g. otitis media; and other URTI where the causative organism is known or suspected to be resistant to other commonly used antibiotics, or where treatment failure may carry significant risk.
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection: e.g. bronchitis.
Urinary Tract Infections: e.g. cystitis, cystourethritis, uncomplicated pyelonephritis.
Clinical efficacy has been demonstrated in infections caused by commonly occuring pathogens including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Kliebsiella species, Haemophilus influenzae (beta-lactamase positive and negative), Branhamella catarrhalis (beta- lactamase positive and negative) and Enterobacter species. Cefixime is highly stable in the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes.
Most strains of enterococci (Streptococcus faecalis, group D Streptococci) and Staphylococci (including coagulase positive and negative strains and meticillin- resistant strains) are resistant to Cefixime. In addition, most strains of Pseudomonas, Bacteriodes fragalis, Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridia are resistant to Cefixime.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Adults and Children over 10 Years or weighing more than 50 kg:
The recommended adult dosage is 200-400 mg daily according to the severity of infection, given either as a single dose or in two divided doses.
Elderly:
Elderly patients may be given the same dose as recommended for adults. Renal function should be assessed and dosage should be adjusted in severe renal impairment (See “Dosage in Renal Impairment”).
Children under 10 Years:
Cefixime Tablets 200 mg are not recommended for use in children under 10 years old.
The safety and efficacy of cefixime has not been established in children less than 6 months.
Renal Impairment:
Cefixime may be administered in the presence of impaired renal function. Normal dose and schedule may be given in patients with creatinine clearances of 20 ml/min or greater. In patients whose creatinine clearance is less than 20 ml/min, it is recommended that a dose of 200 mg once daily should not be exceeded. The dose and regimen for patients who are maintained on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis or haemodialysis should follow the same recommendation as that for patients with creatinine clearances of less than 20 ml/min.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics or to any of the excipients
DRUG INTERACTIONS
Anticoagulants
In common with other cephalosporins, increases in prothrombin times have been noted in a few patients. Care should therefore be taken in patients receiving anticoagulation therapy.
Cefixime should be administered with caution to patients receiving coumarin-type anticoagulants, e.g. warfarin potassium. Since cefixime may enhance effects of the anticoagulants, prolonged prothrombin time with or without bleeding may occur.
Other forms of interaction
A false positive reaction for glucose in the urine may occur with Benedict’s or Fehling’s solutions or with copper sulphate test tablets, but not with tests based on enzymatic glucose oxidase reactions.
A false positive direct Coombs test has been reported during treatment with cephalosporin antibiotics, therefore it should be recognised that a positive Coombs test may be due to the drug.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
| Blood and lymphatic system disorders: | Eosinophilia Hypereosinophilia Agranulocytosis Leucopenia Neutropenia Granulocytopenia Haemolytic anaemia Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytosis |
| Gastrointestinal disorders: | Abdominal pain Diarrhoea* Dyspepsia Nausea Vomiting Flatulance |
| Hepatobiliary disorders: | Jaundice |
| Infections and infestations: | Pseudomembranous colitis |
| Investigations: | Aspartate aminotransferase increased Alanine aminotransferase increased Blood bilirubin increased Blood urea increased Blood creatinine increased |
| Nervous system disorders: | Dizziness Headache Cases of convulsions have been reported with cephalosporins including cefixime (frequency not known)** Beta-lactams, including cefixime, predispose the patient to encephalopathy risk (which may include convulsions, confusion, impairment of consciousness, movement disorders), particularly in case of overdose or renal impairment (frequency not known) |
| Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: | Dyspnoea |
| Renal and urinary disorders: | Renal failure acute including tubulointerstitial nephritis as an underlying pathological condition |
| Immune system disorders, administrative site conditions, skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: | Anaphylactic reaction Serum sickness-like reaction Drug rash with eaosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) Pruritus Rash Drug Fever Arthralgia Erythema multiforme Stevens-Johnson syndrome Toxic epidermal necrolysis Angio-oedema Urticaria Pyrexia Face oedema Genital pruritus Vaginitis |
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions:
The PPB Department of Pharmacovigilance was set up with a vision to develop, implement and continuously upgrade an appropriate system for detecting, reporting, and monitoring adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and other relevant problems with medicines in Kenya. The department strives to ensure the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products in Kenya.
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorization of the medicinal product are important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals/ Patients are encouraged to report any suspected adverse reactions via Pharmacovigilance Yellow Form, pv@pharmacyboardkenya.org or clicking below button:
Cefixime in Kenya
Cefixime in Kenya
Cefixime in Kenya
Cefixime in Kenya
Cefixime in Kenya
Cefixime in Kenya
Clinical | Pharmacokinetic data
Pregnancy Category: B (No risk in non-human studies)
Routes of Administration: Oral
Bioavailability: 30 to 50%
Protein Binding: Approximately 60%
Metabolosim: Not Available
Onset of Action: N/A
Elimination Half life: Variable Average 3 to 4 hours
Excretion: kidney and biliary
Legal Status | Dosage forms & Strengths
Prescription Category:
Prescription only Medicine (POM) , ℞-only
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Control ) Act Schedule:
This drug is not a controlled substance under Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Control ) Act
Dosage Forms | Strengths:
Suspension | Tablets | Capsules
Drug Indentifiers:
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.119.331 |
Drug Images
References/ Citation:
- Brogden, Rex N., and Deborah M. Campoli-Richards. “Cefixime.” Drugs 38.4 (1989): 524-550.
- Faulkner, ROBERT D., et al. “Pharmacokinetic profile of cefixime in man.” The Pediatric infectious disease journal 6.10 (1987): 963-970.
- Ison, C. A., et al. “Gonorrhoea treatment failures to cefixime and azithromycin in England, 2010.” Eurosurveillance 16.14 (2011): 19833.
- Brittain, David C., et al. “The pharmacokinetic and bactericidal characteristics of oral cefixime.” Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 38.5 (1985): 590-594.