Cefepime

Brands of Cefepime in Kenya

C-pime®, Zawadi Healthcare Ltd
Cefepimark® , Marksans Pharma Limited
Ceficad®, Cadila Pharmaceuticals (EA) Ltd
Ceftipime® , Renata Limited
Injpime®, Surgilinks Limited
Inno-pime®, Innocia Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd.
Megapime®, Alkem Laboratories
Micropime®, Micro Labs Ltd
Necpime®, Nectar Lifesciences Limited
Pimcef®, Venus Remedies Limited
Pozineg®, Aurobindo Pharma Limited
Teico® , M.J. Biopharm Pvt. Limited


Cefepime in Kenya : Brands, Prices, Uses in Kenya


MODE OF ACTION

Cefepime inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by covalently binding enzymes responsible for the final step in transpeptidation during peptidoglycan wall synthesis. This binding causes defects in the cell wall leading to autolysis and subsequent death of the organism.

Cefepime is a broad-spectrum, bactericidal antibiotic, with activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including many strains resistant to aminoglycosides or third generation cephalosporins.

It is highly resistant to hydrolysis caused by most beta-lactamases. It has a reduced affinity for beta-lactamases changed via chromosomes and has a rapid penetration in the cells of the Gram-negative bacteria.

INDICATIONS

Cefepime is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria that are cefepime-sensitive:

– lower respiratory tract infections, including nosocomial pneumonia and community acquired pneumonia, acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and secondary bacterial infection of acute bronchitis;

– uncomplicated and complicated urinary tract infections, including pyelonephritis;

– skin and subcutaneous infections;

– intra-abdominal infections, including peritonitis and biliary tract infections;

– gynaecological infections;

– bacterial meningitis in infants and children;

– In combination with other antibacterial agents in the management of neutropenic patients with fever that is suspected to be due to a bacterial infection;

– Treatment of patients with bacteraemia that occurs in association with, or is suspected to be associated with, any of the infections listed above.

Consideration should be given to official guidance on the appropriate use of antibacterial agents.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION:

Adults and children weighing > 40 kg with normal renal function:

Severity of the infection

Dosage and route of administration

Interval between the doses

Mild to moderate urinary tract infections (UTI)

500 mg to 1 g

IV or IM

every 12 h

Other mild to moderate infections (non UTI)

1 g

IV or IM

every 12 h

Severe infections

2 g IV

every 12 h

Very severe or life-threatening infections

2 g IV

every 8 h

The usual treatment duration is 7 to 10 days; more severe infections can require a more prolonged treatment. In the empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia, the usual treatment duration should not be less than 7 days or until the resolution of the neutropenia.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Hypersensitivity to cefepime, to any other cephalosporin or to any of the excipients .

History of severe hypersensitivity reaction (e.g. anaphylactic reaction) to any other type of beta-lactam antibacterial agent (penicillins, monobactams and carbapenems).

DRUG INTERACTIONS

Concomitant treatment with bacteriostatic antibiotics may interfere with the action of beta-lactam antibiotics.

The monitoring of renal function is recommended during the treatment with Cepefime if other drugs that have nephrotoxic potential are administered (i.e., aminoglycosides and potent diuretics).

Cephalosporins can potentiate the action of coumarin anticoagulants.

Interaction with diagnostic tests

In patients treated with Cepefime positive Coombs test was described with no evidence of haemolysis.

In the glycosuria test, a false positive result may occur due to reduction of copper (the enzymatic method should preferably be used).

ADVERSE EFFECTS

System organ classFrequency Term
Infections and Infestations

 

Uncommon

 

Oral candidiasis, vaginal infection
RareCandidiasis
Blood and lymphatic system disorders

 

 

 

CommonAnaemia, eosinophilia
Uncommon

 

Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, neutropenia
Not known

 

Aplastic anaemia, haemolytic anaemia, agranulocytosis
Immune system disordersRareAnaphylactic reaction, angioedema
Not knownAnaphylactic shock
Psychiatric disorders

 

Not known

 

State of confusion, hallucination
Nervous system Disorders

 

 

 

 

UncommonHeadaches
Rare

 

Convulsions, paraesthesia, digeusia, dizziness
Not known

 

 

Coma, stupor, encephalopathy, altered state of conscience, myoclonus
Vascular disorders

 

 

CommonPhlebitis at the infusion site
RareVasodilatation
Not knownHaemorrhage
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersRare

 

 

Dyspnoea

 

 

Gastrointestinal Disorders

 

 

 

CommonDiarrhoea
Uncommon

 

Pseudomembranous colitis, colitis, nausea, vomiting
RareAbdominal pain, constipation
Not knownGastrointestinal disorder
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders

 

 

 

CommonSkin rash
UncommonErythema, urticaria, pruritus
Not known

 

 

Toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme
Renal and urinary disordersUncommonblood urea increased, blood creatinine increased
Not knownRenal failure, toxic nephropathy
Reproductive system and breast disordersRare

 

Genital pruritus

 

General disorders and administration site conditionsCommonInfusion site reaction, injection site inflammation and pain
UncommonPyrexia, infusion site inflammation
RareChills
InvestigationsVery commonPositive Coombs test
CommonAlkaline phosphatase increased, alanine aminotransferase increased, aspartate aminotransferase increased, blood bilirubin increased, prothrombin time prolonged, partial thromboplastin time prolonged
Not knownFalse positive glycosuria
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions:

The PPB Department of Pharmacovigilance was set up with a vision to develop, implement and continuously upgrade an appropriate system for detecting, reporting, and monitoring adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and other relevant problems with medicines in Kenya. The department strives to ensure the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products in Kenya.
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorization of the medicinal product are important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals/ Patients are encouraged to report any suspected adverse reactions via Pharmacovigilance Yellow Form, pv@pharmacyboardkenya.org or clicking below button:


Cefepime in Kenya
Cefepime in Kenya
Cefepime in Kenya
Cefepime in Kenya
Cefepime in Kenya
Cefepime in Kenya

Clinical | Pharmacokinetic data


Pregnancy Category: B (No risk in non-human studies)
Routes of Administration: Intravenous, intramuscular
Bioavailability: 100% (IM)
Protein Binding: Not Available
Metabolosim: Hepatic 15%
Onset of Action: N/A
Elimination Half life: 2 hours
Excretion: Renal 70–99%

Legal Status | Dosage forms & Strengths


Prescription Category:
Prescription only Medicine (POM) , â„ž-only
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Control ) Act Schedule:
This drug is not a controlled substance under Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Control ) Act
Dosage Forms | Strengths:


Drug Indentifiers:

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References/ Citation:




What was the patient being treated for